Preheat your oven to 400 degrees F and line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
Add the raisins (1 cup), caraway seeds (1 tablespoon), orange zest (1 tablespoon), and the orange juice (¼ cup) to a small bowl. Stir together and microwave for 20 seconds or so to warm up, then set aside for 5-10 minutes, giving it another stir now and then.
Whisk together the all purpose flour (3 cups), the whole wheat flour (1 cup), sugar (¼ cup), baking soda (1 ½ teaspoons), cream of tartar (1 ½ teaspoons), and kosher salt (½ teaspoon), in a large bowl.
Cut 5 tablespoons of the butter (cold straight from the fridge) into small pieces and add to the bowl. Use a pastry cutter or fork to cut butter into flour mixture, until it resembles coarse crumbs. Tip: If this seems difficult to do, you can use your hands to break the butter up or pulse the mixture in your food processor.
Drain the liquid from the raisin mixture into another small bowl. Add the buttermilk (1 ¼ cups), egg (1), and drained raisin/zest/caraway seed mixture to the flour and butter mixture. Mix together until the dough just comes together. It may be crumbly and in multiple pieces- this is OK.
Roll a portion of the dough into a ball about 2-inches in diameter (I used a disher/ice cream scoop to evenly measure each portion). Use a little bit of flour to help you roll the dough so it's not too sticky and so it's relatively smooth on the edges.Place place on parchment covered baking sheet, allowing for plenty of room for spreading (you will likely need to bake two batches).
In a small bowl, melt the remaining 1 tablespoon of butter and mix with the drained orange juice liquid. Cut a cross or x-shape into the top of each one (see notes), and brush with melted butter and orange juice mixture using a pastry brush.
Bake at 400 for about 13 minutes, or until golden brown on top.
Video
Notes
Storing the scones: These will keep at room temperature for only 1-2 days in an airtight container. Store in the freezer for up to 6 months. Microwave for about 20 seconds to thaw when you would like to have one!
A small sharp knife or lame can help cut the criss-cross shape into the scone. This can be a bit tricky, and frankly can be skipped if you just aren't feeling it.
Other dried fruits can be used as long as they are small in size - dried cranberries, chopped apricots, chopped dates, etc. Use what you have!
For the buttermilk, I love powdered buttermilk for the convenience. It performs just the same as fresh. You can also use plain yogurt as a substitute in a 1:1 ratio (water down Greek yogurt a bit to thin it out with milk or water). Or, use homemade "buttermilk" by mixing 1 cup of whole milk with 1 tablespoon vinegar.