Mash the clove of garlic and salt (1 teaspoon) together in the surface of a cutting board with a fork to form a paste.
Add the garlic paste to a medium bowl and whisk together with lemon juice, olive oil (1/4 cup), and black pepper.
Toss the arugula (2 cups) with the dressing in the bowl and divide onto two plates.
Top each salad with equal parts of almonds, goat cheese, cantaloupe, and prosciutto.
Drizzle balsamic glaze on top of each salad if desired, and top with extra fresh cracked pepper.
Notes
The provided nutrition information does not include any added sodium from seasoning to taste, any optional ingredients, and it does not take brands into account. Feel free to calculate it yourself using this calculator or by adding the recipe to Yummly.